clade [kleid] DJ [kled] KK
noun
1.【生】(分類上的)進化枝;分化枝
segregate /ˈseɡrɪɡeɪt/ DJ /'sɛgrɪˈget/ KK
verb
1.to separate people of different races, religions or sexes and treat them differently 隔離並區別對待（不同種族、宗教或性別的人） ~ sb (from sb) VN
a culture in which women are segregated from men 婦女受到隔離歧視的文化
a racially segregated community 實行種族隔離的社會
a segregated school(= one for students of one race or religion only) 單一種族（或信仰）的學校
See also: integrate Antonym
2.to keep one thing separate from another （使）分開，分離，隔離 ~ sth (from sth) VN
2010年9月27日 星期一
2010年9月13日 星期一
mentality, folk, asserted, etiology, waist
mentality /menˈtæləti/ DJ /mɛn'tælətɪ/ KK
1.the particular attitude or way of thinking of a person or group 心態；思想狀況；思想方法 noun usually singular
I cannot understand the mentality of football hooligans. 我無法理解足球流氓的心態。
a criminal/ghetto mentality 犯罪心態；種族聚居區的思想意識
See also: siege mentality
Irregular: -ies plural
folk /fəʊk/ DJ /foʊk/ DJ US /fok/ KK US
noun
1.people in general 人們 plural informal
ordinary working-class folk 普通勞動大眾
I'd like a job working with old folk or kids. 我喜歡與老人或小孩打交道的工作。
the folks back home(= from the place where you come from) 家鄉的鄉親父老
Variant: folks
2.a friendly way of addressing more than one person 各位；大夥兒 plural informal
Well, folks, what are we going to do today? 喂，夥計們，我們今天要幹什麼？
Alternate: folks
3.the members of your family, especially your parents 親屬；家屬；（尤指）爹媽 plural informal especially American English
How are your folks? 你爸媽好嗎？
Alternate: folks
4.people from a particular country or region, or who have a particular way of life （某國、某地區或某生活方式的）普通百姓 plural
country folk 鄉下人
townsfolk 城裏人
farming folk 農民
5.music in the traditional style of a country or community 民間音樂 uncountable
a folk festival/concert 民間音樂節／會
Variant: folk music
adjective
1.of art, culture, etc. 藝術、文化等 traditional and typical of the ordinary people of a country or community 傳統民間的；民俗的 only before noun
folk art 民間藝術
a folk museum 民俗博物館
2.based on the beliefs of ordinary people 流傳民間的；普通百姓的 only before noun
asserted [əˈsəːtid] DJ [əˈsɝtɪd] KK
adjective
1.聲稱的
as·sert
1.State a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
2.Cause others to recognize (one's authority or a right) by confident and forceful behavior
3.Behave or speak in a confident and forceful manner
aetiology /ˌiːtiˈɒlədʒi/ DJ /-ˈɑːl-/ DJ US /ˈitɪ'ɑlədʒɪ/ KK US
1.the scientific study of the causes of disease 病原學；病因學 British English noun uncountable
Variant: etiology American English
waist /weɪst/ DJ /west/ KK
noun
1.the area around the middle of the body between the ribs and the hips, often narrower than the areas above and below 腰；腰部；腰圍
He put his arm around her waist. 他摟住了她的腰。
She was paralysed from the waist down(= in the area below her waist). 她從腰部以下都癱瘓了。
The workmen were stripped to the waist(= wearing no clothes on the top half of their bodies). 工人們光着上身。
See also: body
2.the part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist （衣服的）腰部，腰
It's much too tight at the waist. 這衣服腰部太瘦。
3.having the type of waist mentioned 有…腰身的；腰身…的
a high-waisted dress 高腰連衣裙
Alternate: -waisted
hip /hɪp/ DJ /hɪp/ KK
noun
1.the area at either side of the body between the top of the leg and the waist; the joint at the top of the leg 臀部；髖
She stood with her hands on her hips. 她雙手叉腰站着。
These jeans are too tight around the hips. 這條牛仔褲的臀部太窄。
a hip replacement operation 髖部復位手術
the hip bone 髖骨
She broke her hip in the fall. 她摔倒時折斷了髖骨。
See also: body
2.having hips of the size or shape mentioned 臀部…的
large-hipped 臀部大的
slim-hipped 臀部窄的
Alternate: -hipped
3.the red fruit that grows on some types of wild rose bush 野薔薇果
Variant: rose hip
See also: shoot from the hip
adjective
Irregular: hipper; hippest
1.following or knowing what is fashionable in clothes, music, etc. （衣服、音樂等方面）時髦的，趕時髦的 informal
exclamation
Idiom: hip, hip, hooray!
1.used by a group of people to show their approval of somebody. One person in the group says hip, hip and the others then shout hooray or hurrah. （歡呼聲。其中一人說 hip，hip，其他人喊 hooray 或 hurrah）
‘Three cheers for the bride and groom : Hip, hip…’ ‘Hooray!’ “向新娘和新郎歡呼三聲：嘿嘿…”“好哪！”
Variant: hip, hip, hurrah/hurray! less frequent
1.the particular attitude or way of thinking of a person or group 心態；思想狀況；思想方法 noun usually singular
I cannot understand the mentality of football hooligans. 我無法理解足球流氓的心態。
a criminal/ghetto mentality 犯罪心態；種族聚居區的思想意識
See also: siege mentality
Irregular: -ies plural
folk /fəʊk/ DJ /foʊk/ DJ US /fok/ KK US
noun
1.people in general 人們 plural informal
ordinary working-class folk 普通勞動大眾
I'd like a job working with old folk or kids. 我喜歡與老人或小孩打交道的工作。
the folks back home(= from the place where you come from) 家鄉的鄉親父老
Variant: folks
2.a friendly way of addressing more than one person 各位；大夥兒 plural informal
Well, folks, what are we going to do today? 喂，夥計們，我們今天要幹什麼？
Alternate: folks
3.the members of your family, especially your parents 親屬；家屬；（尤指）爹媽 plural informal especially American English
How are your folks? 你爸媽好嗎？
Alternate: folks
4.people from a particular country or region, or who have a particular way of life （某國、某地區或某生活方式的）普通百姓 plural
country folk 鄉下人
townsfolk 城裏人
farming folk 農民
5.music in the traditional style of a country or community 民間音樂 uncountable
a folk festival/concert 民間音樂節／會
Variant: folk music
adjective
1.of art, culture, etc. 藝術、文化等 traditional and typical of the ordinary people of a country or community 傳統民間的；民俗的 only before noun
folk art 民間藝術
a folk museum 民俗博物館
2.based on the beliefs of ordinary people 流傳民間的；普通百姓的 only before noun
asserted [əˈsəːtid] DJ [əˈsɝtɪd] KK
adjective
1.聲稱的
as·sert
1.State a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
2.Cause others to recognize (one's authority or a right) by confident and forceful behavior
3.Behave or speak in a confident and forceful manner
aetiology /ˌiːtiˈɒlədʒi/ DJ /-ˈɑːl-/ DJ US /ˈitɪ'ɑlədʒɪ/ KK US
1.the scientific study of the causes of disease 病原學；病因學 British English noun uncountable
Variant: etiology American English
waist /weɪst/ DJ /west/ KK
noun
1.the area around the middle of the body between the ribs and the hips, often narrower than the areas above and below 腰；腰部；腰圍
He put his arm around her waist. 他摟住了她的腰。
She was paralysed from the waist down(= in the area below her waist). 她從腰部以下都癱瘓了。
The workmen were stripped to the waist(= wearing no clothes on the top half of their bodies). 工人們光着上身。
See also: body
2.the part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist （衣服的）腰部，腰
It's much too tight at the waist. 這衣服腰部太瘦。
3.having the type of waist mentioned 有…腰身的；腰身…的
a high-waisted dress 高腰連衣裙
Alternate: -waisted
hip /hɪp/ DJ /hɪp/ KK
noun
1.the area at either side of the body between the top of the leg and the waist; the joint at the top of the leg 臀部；髖
She stood with her hands on her hips. 她雙手叉腰站着。
These jeans are too tight around the hips. 這條牛仔褲的臀部太窄。
a hip replacement operation 髖部復位手術
the hip bone 髖骨
She broke her hip in the fall. 她摔倒時折斷了髖骨。
See also: body
2.having hips of the size or shape mentioned 臀部…的
large-hipped 臀部大的
slim-hipped 臀部窄的
Alternate: -hipped
3.the red fruit that grows on some types of wild rose bush 野薔薇果
Variant: rose hip
See also: shoot from the hip
adjective
Irregular: hipper; hippest
1.following or knowing what is fashionable in clothes, music, etc. （衣服、音樂等方面）時髦的，趕時髦的 informal
exclamation
Idiom: hip, hip, hooray!
1.used by a group of people to show their approval of somebody. One person in the group says hip, hip and the others then shout hooray or hurrah. （歡呼聲。其中一人說 hip，hip，其他人喊 hooray 或 hurrah）
‘Three cheers for the bride and groom : Hip, hip…’ ‘Hooray!’ “向新娘和新郎歡呼三聲：嘿嘿…”“好哪！”
Variant: hip, hip, hurrah/hurray! less frequent
2010年9月9日 星期四
mince, scalpel, lancet, burr
mince /mɪns/ DJ /mɪns/ KK
verb
1.to cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces using a special machine (= called a mincer) 用絞肉機絞（食物，尤指肉） VN
minced beef 絞碎的牛肉
2.to walk with quick short steps, in a way that is not natural 裝腔作勢地小步快走 V VN + adv./prep. disapproving
He minced over to serve us. 他邁着碎步過來招待我們。
Idiom: not mince (your) words
1.to say something in a direct way even though it might offend other people 毫不隱諱；直言不諱
noun
Variant: ground beef American English; hamburger American English; hamburger meat American English
1.meat, especially beef, that has been finely chopped in a special machine 絞碎的肉，肉末（尤指牛肉） British English uncountable
scalpel /ˈskælpəl/ DJ /'skælpəl/ KK
1.a small sharp knife used by doctors in medical operations 解剖刀；手術刀 noun
lancet /ˈlɑːnsɪt/ DJ /ˈlæn-/ DJ US /'lænsɪt/ KK US
1.a knife with a sharp point and two sharp edges, used by doctors for cutting skin and flesh （醫生用的）柳葉刀，小刀 noun
burr /bɜː(r)/ DJ /bɝ/ KK
noun
1.a strong pronunciation of the ‘r’ sound, typical of some accents in English; an accent with this type of pronunciation 小舌 r 音，顫音 r，帶濃重 r 音的口音（某些英語方言中的典型發音） usually singular
She speaks with a soft West Country burr. 她說話帶有一種西部地區濃重 r 音的口音。
2.the soft regular noise made by parts of a machine moving quickly （機器部件快速運轉時有規律的）呼呼聲 usually singular
3.the seed container of some plants which is covered in very small hooks that stick to clothes or fur （某些植物）帶芒刺的小果實
Variant: bur
verb
1.to cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces using a special machine (= called a mincer) 用絞肉機絞（食物，尤指肉） VN
minced beef 絞碎的牛肉
2.to walk with quick short steps, in a way that is not natural 裝腔作勢地小步快走 V VN + adv./prep. disapproving
He minced over to serve us. 他邁着碎步過來招待我們。
Idiom: not mince (your) words
1.to say something in a direct way even though it might offend other people 毫不隱諱；直言不諱
noun
Variant: ground beef American English; hamburger American English; hamburger meat American English
1.meat, especially beef, that has been finely chopped in a special machine 絞碎的肉，肉末（尤指牛肉） British English uncountable
scalpel /ˈskælpəl/ DJ /'skælpəl/ KK
1.a small sharp knife used by doctors in medical operations 解剖刀；手術刀 noun
lancet /ˈlɑːnsɪt/ DJ /ˈlæn-/ DJ US /'lænsɪt/ KK US
1.a knife with a sharp point and two sharp edges, used by doctors for cutting skin and flesh （醫生用的）柳葉刀，小刀 noun
burr /bɜː(r)/ DJ /bɝ/ KK
noun
1.a strong pronunciation of the ‘r’ sound, typical of some accents in English; an accent with this type of pronunciation 小舌 r 音，顫音 r，帶濃重 r 音的口音（某些英語方言中的典型發音） usually singular
She speaks with a soft West Country burr. 她說話帶有一種西部地區濃重 r 音的口音。
2.the soft regular noise made by parts of a machine moving quickly （機器部件快速運轉時有規律的）呼呼聲 usually singular
3.the seed container of some plants which is covered in very small hooks that stick to clothes or fur （某些植物）帶芒刺的小果實
Variant: bur
2010年9月8日 星期三
presumptive, reciprocal, repertoire, procedural, enumerate, cardinal,
presumptive /prɪˈzʌmptɪv/ DJ /prɪ'zʌmptɪv/ KK
1.likely to be true, based on the facts that are available 很可能的；假設的；推斷的 adjective usually before noun formal technical
a presumptive diagnosis of bowel cancer 對腸癌的初步診斷
See also: heir presumptive
pre·sump·tive
1.Of the nature of a presumption; presumed in the absence of further information
2.Giving grounds for the inference of a fact or of the appropriate interpretation of the law
heir presumptive
假定繼承人（其繼承權會因有血統更近的繼承人出生而喪失）
同義字
adjective: probable, conjectural, presumable
reciprocal /rɪˈsɪprəkl/ DJ /rɪ'sɪprəkḷ/ KK
1.involving two people or groups who agree to help each other or behave in the same way to each other 互惠的；相應的 adjective
The two colleges have a reciprocal arrangement whereby students from one college can attend classes at the other. 兩所學院有一項互惠協定，允許學生在院際間選課。
Derivative: reciprocally adverb /-kli/ DJ /-klɪ/ KK
reciprocal /rɪˈsɪprəkl/ DJ /rɪ'sɪprəkḷ/ KK
1.involving two people or groups who agree to help each other or behave in the same way to each other 互惠的；相應的 adjective
The two colleges have a reciprocal arrangement whereby students from one college can attend classes at the other. 兩所學院有一項互惠協定，允許學生在院際間選課。
Derivative: reciprocally adverb /-kli/ DJ /-klɪ/ KK
re·cip·ro·cal
1.Given, felt, or done in return
2.(of an agreement or obligation) Bearing on or binding each of two parties equally
3.(of a pronoun or verb) Expressing mutual action or relationship
adjective: mutual
repertoire /ˈrepətwɑː(r)/ DJ /-pərt-/ DJ US /'rɛpɚˈtwɑr/ KK US
noun
1.all the plays, songs, pieces of music, etc. that a performer knows and can perform （總稱某人的）可表演項目
to add to/extend your repertoire 增加／豐富你的演出劇目
a pianist with a wide repertoire 能演奏很多曲子的鋼琴師
Variant: repertory formal
2.all the things that a person is able to do （某人的）全部才能，全部本領
rep·er·toire
1.A stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform
2.The whole body of items that are regularly performed
3.A stock of skills or types of behavior that a person habitually uses
noun: repertory
procedural [prəuˈsiːdʒərəl] DJ [proˈsidʒərəl] KK
adjective
1.程序的
enumerate /ɪˈnjuːməreɪt/ DJ /ɪˈnuː-/ DJ US /ɪ'numəˈret/ KK US
1.to name things on a list one by one 列舉；枚舉 verb
verb: count, recite, list, recount
cardinal /ˈkɑːdɪnl/ DJ /ˈkɑːrd-/ DJ US /'kɑrdṇəl/ KK US
noun
1.a priest of the highest rank in the Roman Catholic Church.Cardinals elect and advise the Pope. 樞機；樞機主教
Cardinal Hume 休姆樞機主教
2.a number, such as 1, 2 and 3, used to show quantity rather than order 基數；純數
See also: ordinal
Variant: cardinal number
3.a N American bird. The male cardinal is bright red. 紅衣鳳頭鳥（見於北美，雄鳥為鮮紅色）
adjective
1.most important; having other things based on it 最重要的；基本的 only before noun formal
cardinal points
基本方位（羅盤上的東、西、南、北）
cardinal sin
1. 嚴重過失；過錯 2. （基督教中嚴重的）罪，罪孽
cardinal number
【數】基數;純數
cardinal numeral
基數
cardinal point
(羅盤上的)方位基點
cardinal virtue
【書】基本德性,基本道德
adjective: principal, main, chief, capital, prime, primary, fundamental, leading, major, basic, essential, staple, pivotal
aegis /ˈiːdʒɪs/ DJ /'idʒɪs/ KK
noun
Idiom: under the aegis of somebody/something formal
1.with the protection or support of a particular organization or person 在…保護（或支持）下
under the aegis of somebody/something
在…保護（或支持）下
同義字
noun: protection, shield, defence, defense, patronage
i.e. /ˌaɪ ˈiː/ DJ /ˈaɪ 'i/ KK
1.used to explain exactly what the previous thing that you have mentioned means (from Latin id est) 也就是，亦即（源自拉丁文 id est） abbreviation
1.likely to be true, based on the facts that are available 很可能的；假設的；推斷的 adjective usually before noun formal technical
a presumptive diagnosis of bowel cancer 對腸癌的初步診斷
See also: heir presumptive
pre·sump·tive
1.Of the nature of a presumption; presumed in the absence of further information
2.Giving grounds for the inference of a fact or of the appropriate interpretation of the law
heir presumptive
假定繼承人（其繼承權會因有血統更近的繼承人出生而喪失）
同義字
adjective: probable, conjectural, presumable
reciprocal /rɪˈsɪprəkl/ DJ /rɪ'sɪprəkḷ/ KK
1.involving two people or groups who agree to help each other or behave in the same way to each other 互惠的；相應的 adjective
The two colleges have a reciprocal arrangement whereby students from one college can attend classes at the other. 兩所學院有一項互惠協定，允許學生在院際間選課。
Derivative: reciprocally adverb /-kli/ DJ /-klɪ/ KK
reciprocal /rɪˈsɪprəkl/ DJ /rɪ'sɪprəkḷ/ KK
1.involving two people or groups who agree to help each other or behave in the same way to each other 互惠的；相應的 adjective
The two colleges have a reciprocal arrangement whereby students from one college can attend classes at the other. 兩所學院有一項互惠協定，允許學生在院際間選課。
Derivative: reciprocally adverb /-kli/ DJ /-klɪ/ KK
re·cip·ro·cal
1.Given, felt, or done in return
2.(of an agreement or obligation) Bearing on or binding each of two parties equally
3.(of a pronoun or verb) Expressing mutual action or relationship
adjective: mutual
repertoire /ˈrepətwɑː(r)/ DJ /-pərt-/ DJ US /'rɛpɚˈtwɑr/ KK US
noun
1.all the plays, songs, pieces of music, etc. that a performer knows and can perform （總稱某人的）可表演項目
to add to/extend your repertoire 增加／豐富你的演出劇目
a pianist with a wide repertoire 能演奏很多曲子的鋼琴師
Variant: repertory formal
2.all the things that a person is able to do （某人的）全部才能，全部本領
rep·er·toire
1.A stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform
2.The whole body of items that are regularly performed
3.A stock of skills or types of behavior that a person habitually uses
noun: repertory
procedural [prəuˈsiːdʒərəl] DJ [proˈsidʒərəl] KK
adjective
1.程序的
enumerate /ɪˈnjuːməreɪt/ DJ /ɪˈnuː-/ DJ US /ɪ'numəˈret/ KK US
1.to name things on a list one by one 列舉；枚舉 verb
verb: count, recite, list, recount
cardinal /ˈkɑːdɪnl/ DJ /ˈkɑːrd-/ DJ US /'kɑrdṇəl/ KK US
noun
1.a priest of the highest rank in the Roman Catholic Church.Cardinals elect and advise the Pope. 樞機；樞機主教
Cardinal Hume 休姆樞機主教
2.a number, such as 1, 2 and 3, used to show quantity rather than order 基數；純數
See also: ordinal
Variant: cardinal number
3.a N American bird. The male cardinal is bright red. 紅衣鳳頭鳥（見於北美，雄鳥為鮮紅色）
adjective
1.most important; having other things based on it 最重要的；基本的 only before noun formal
cardinal points
基本方位（羅盤上的東、西、南、北）
cardinal sin
1. 嚴重過失；過錯 2. （基督教中嚴重的）罪，罪孽
cardinal number
【數】基數;純數
cardinal numeral
基數
cardinal point
(羅盤上的)方位基點
cardinal virtue
【書】基本德性,基本道德
adjective: principal, main, chief, capital, prime, primary, fundamental, leading, major, basic, essential, staple, pivotal
aegis /ˈiːdʒɪs/ DJ /'idʒɪs/ KK
noun
Idiom: under the aegis of somebody/something formal
1.with the protection or support of a particular organization or person 在…保護（或支持）下
under the aegis of somebody/something
在…保護（或支持）下
同義字
noun: protection, shield, defence, defense, patronage
i.e. /ˌaɪ ˈiː/ DJ /ˈaɪ 'i/ KK
1.used to explain exactly what the previous thing that you have mentioned means (from Latin id est) 也就是，亦即（源自拉丁文 id est） abbreviation
2010年9月7日 星期二
enable, avidity,
enable /ɪˈneɪbl/ DJ /ɪ'nebḷ/ KK
verb
1.to make it possible for somebody to do something 使能夠；使有機會 VN to inf.
The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 這種軟件使你在幾秒鐘內便可訪問互聯網。
a new programme to enable older people to study at college 使老年人有機會在大學學習的新方案
2.to make it possible for something to happen or exist by creating the necessary conditions 使成為可能；使可行；使實現
avidity [əˈviditi] DJ [əˈvɪdətɪ] KK
noun
1.貪慾;渴望;熱情
2.【化】親合力,活動性
verb
1.to make it possible for somebody to do something 使能夠；使有機會 VN to inf.
The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 這種軟件使你在幾秒鐘內便可訪問互聯網。
a new programme to enable older people to study at college 使老年人有機會在大學學習的新方案
2.to make it possible for something to happen or exist by creating the necessary conditions 使成為可能；使可行；使實現
avidity [əˈviditi] DJ [əˈvɪdətɪ] KK
noun
1.貪慾;渴望;熱情
2.【化】親合力,活動性
in correspondence to, with respect to, with regard to,
in correspondence to
相應於
with respect to
phrase
1.關於;至於
with respect to something
至於；關於；就…而言
with regard to
phrase
1.關於
in/with regard to somebody/something
關於；至於
相應於
with respect to
phrase
1.關於;至於
with respect to something
至於；關於；就…而言
with regard to
phrase
1.關於
in/with regard to somebody/something
關於；至於
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